Compatibilidade APIs Node.js - Events
A API events no Node.js é um módulo core que fornece uma maneira de trabalhar com programação orientada a eventos. Ela permite que desenvolvedores criem e gerenciem event emitters, que são objetos que podem emitir eventos nomeados e ouvir esses eventos através de event listeners. Este módulo está disponível no Azion Runtime através da compatibilidade com Node.js, sendo útil para desacoplar lógica em functions através da emissão de eventos e reação a eles com listeners dedicados.
Exemplo: Emissão básica de eventos
O exemplo abaixo mostra como usar o módulo events em uma function:
/** * An example of using the Node.js `events` module in Azion Functions. * Support: * - Partial support * - Extended by library `events` * @example * // Execute with Azion Bundler: * npx edge-functions build * npx edge-functions dev */import { EventEmitter } from "node:events";
/** * Emit an event and listen to it. * @param {*} event * @returns {Response} Response */const main = async (event) => { const emitter = new EventEmitter();
emitter.on("hello-event", (...args) => { console.log("an event occurred!", ...args); });
emitter.emit("hello-event", 1, 2, 3); return new Response("Event emitted", { status: 200 });};
export default main;Exemplo: Eventos de ciclo de vida de requisição
Use EventEmitter para lidar com estágios de processamento de requisições:
import { EventEmitter } from "node:events";
const main = async (event) => { const requestEmitter = new EventEmitter(); const results = [];
// Get request info with optional chaining for safety const requestUrl = event.request?.url || "https://default.example.com"; const requestHeaders = event.request?.headers || {};
// Listen for request start requestEmitter.on("start", (url) => { console.log(`Processing request: ${url}`); results.push(`Started: ${url}`); });
// Listen for validation events requestEmitter.on("validate", (data) => { if (data.headers) { console.log("Headers validated"); results.push("Headers validated"); } });
// Listen for completion requestEmitter.on("complete", (status) => { console.log(`Request completed with status: ${status}`); results.push(`Completed: ${status}`); });
// Listen for errors requestEmitter.on("error", (err) => { console.error(`Error: ${err.message}`); results.push(`Error: ${err.message}`); });
// Emit events in sequence requestEmitter.emit("start", requestUrl); requestEmitter.emit("validate", { headers: requestHeaders }); requestEmitter.emit("complete", 200);
return new Response(JSON.stringify({ events: results }), { headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" } });};
export default main;Exemplo: Listeners de única execução e tratamento de erros
Use once() para listeners de execução única e trate erros adequadamente:
import { EventEmitter } from "node:events";
const main = async (event) => { const emitter = new EventEmitter(); const log = [];
// One-time listener - only executes once emitter.once("init", () => { console.log("Initialization complete"); log.push("Initialized"); });
// Multiple listeners for same event emitter.on("data", (chunk) => { console.log(`Processing chunk: ${chunk}`); log.push(`Chunk: ${chunk}`); });
emitter.on("data", (chunk) => { console.log(`Logging chunk: ${chunk}`); log.push(`Logged: ${chunk}`); });
// Error handling - special 'error' event emitter.on("error", (err) => { console.error(`Error caught: ${err.message}`); log.push(`Error: ${err.message}`); });
// Emit events emitter.emit("init"); emitter.emit("init"); // Won't trigger again - once() used emitter.emit("data", "chunk-1"); emitter.emit("data", "chunk-2"); emitter.emit("error", new Error("Test error"));
return new Response(JSON.stringify({ log }), { headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" } });};
export default main;Exemplo: Handlers de eventos assíncronos
Manipule operações assíncronas em event listeners:
import { EventEmitter } from "node:events";import { setTimeout } from "node:timers/promises";
const main = async (event) => { const emitter = new EventEmitter(); const results = [];
// Note: EventEmitter does NOT await Promises returned by listeners. // The emit() method returns immediately, without waiting for async operations. // For async operations, it's recommended to use Promise-based patterns // instead of relying on EventEmitter alone.
// Listen for fetch completion events emitter.on("fetched", (result) => { results.push(result); console.log(`Fetched: ${result.url}`); });
// Error handler emitter.on("error", (err) => { console.error(`Fetch error: ${err.message}`); results.push({ error: err.message }); });
// Define async fetch function that emits events const fetchData = async (url) => { try { const response = await fetch(url); const data = await response.json(); const result = { url, status: response.status, data }; emitter.emit("fetched", result); return result; } catch (error) { emitter.emit("error", error); return { url, error: error.message }; } };
// URLs to fetch const urls = [ "https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/todos/1", "https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/todos/2" ];
// Execute fetches in parallel and wait for completion const fetchResults = await Promise.all(urls.map(fetchData));
return new Response(JSON.stringify({ results, fetchResults }), { headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" } });};
export default main;Exemplo: Classe EventEmitter personalizada
Estenda EventEmitter para criar event emitters específicos de domínio:
import { EventEmitter } from "node:events";
// Custom class extending EventEmitterclass RequestHandler extends EventEmitter { constructor() { super(); this.requestCount = 0; }
processRequest(request) { this.requestCount++; this.emit("request", { id: this.requestCount, url: request.url });
try { // Simulate processing const result = { processed: true, id: this.requestCount }; this.emit("success", result); return result; } catch (error) { this.emit("error", error); throw error; } }}
const main = async (event) => { const handler = new RequestHandler(); const logs = [];
// Attach listeners handler.on("request", (data) => { logs.push(`Request #${data.id}: ${data.url}`); });
handler.on("success", (result) => { logs.push(`Success: ${JSON.stringify(result)}`); });
handler.on("error", (err) => { logs.push(`Error: ${err.message}`); });
// Process requests handler.processRequest(event.request); handler.processRequest({ url: "https://example.com/test" });
// Get listener counts const listenerCount = handler.listenerCount("request"); logs.push(`Request listeners: ${listenerCount}`);
return new Response(JSON.stringify({ logs, totalRequests: handler.requestCount }), { headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" } });};
export default main;APIs com suporte
| API | Status |
|---|---|
new EventEmitter() | 🟢 Com suporte |
emitter.on() | 🟢 Com suporte |
emitter.once() | 🟢 Com suporte |
emitter.emit() | 🟢 Com suporte |
emitter.off() | 🟢 Com suporte |
emitter.removeListener() | 🟢 Com suporte |
emitter.removeAllListeners() | 🟢 Com suporte |
emitter.listenerCount() | 🟢 Com suporte |
emitter.listeners() | 🟢 Com suporte |
emitter.eventNames() | 🟢 Com suporte |
emitter.prependListener() | 🟢 Com suporte |
emitter.prependOnceListener() | 🟢 Com suporte |
EventEmitter.listenerCount() | 🟢 Com suporte |
EventEmitter.defaultMaxListeners | 🟢 Com suporte |
captureRejections | 🟡 Parcialmente suportado |